143 lines
9.3 KiB
Plaintext
143 lines
9.3 KiB
Plaintext
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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta charset="UTF-8">
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<meta name="generator" content="TempleOS V5.03">
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<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="/style/templeos.css">
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<script src="/script/templeos.js"></script>
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<style type="text/css">
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</style>
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</head>
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<body>
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<pre id="content">
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<a name="l1"></a><span class=cF5> Booting A PC</span><span class=cF0>
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<a name="l2"></a>
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<a name="l3"></a>TempleOS only supports traditional </span><span class=cF2>BIOS</span><span class=cF0> booting, not the newer technique, </span><span class=cF2>UEFI</span><span class=cF0>.
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<a name="l4"></a>This document describes </span><span class=cF2>BIOS</span><span class=cF0> booting.
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<a name="l5"></a>
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<a name="l6"></a>When you turn-on (power-up) a computer or you do a hardware reset, the computer
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<a name="l7"></a>starts executing the </span><span class=cF2>BIOS</span><span class=cF0>. Sometimes, you must change the </span><span class=cF2>BIOS</span><span class=cF0> boot order to
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<a name="l8"></a>boot the device you want.
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<a name="l9"></a>
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<a name="l10"></a>The </span><span class=cF2>BIOS</span><span class=cF0> loads a boot sector from CD/DVD, hard disk or whatever. The boot
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<a name="l11"></a>sector runs in 16-bit real mode and often loads-in a second file that's bigger
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<a name="l12"></a>if it can't be done by just one sector. It's a safe bet that boot sectors are
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<a name="l13"></a>hand-coded assembly language. Most boot sectors use the </span><span class=cF2>BIOS</span><span class=cF0> to load-in the
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<a name="l14"></a>next stage.
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<a name="l15"></a>
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<a name="l16"></a>Not only do boot sectors have a size limit, 512 bytes or 2048 bytes for CD/DVD,
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<a name="l17"></a>the files they load have to fit within 640K because they run in 16-bit mode.
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<a name="l18"></a>This means they usually can't just load the whole operating system and start it
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<a name="l19"></a>running. Some boot loaders, like Grub, have a capability of switching modes
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<a name="l20"></a>before handing-off control to the operating system. The operating system must
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<a name="l21"></a>load the rest of itself. With TempleOS, the </span><a href="/Wb/Kernel/Kernel.PRJ.HTML#l1"><span class=cF4>::/Kernel.BIN.C</span></a><span class=cF0> file is loaded by
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<a name="l22"></a>the boot sector. I try to put a minimum in the </span><a href="/Wb/Kernel/Kernel.PRJ.HTML#l1"><span class=cF4>Kernel Module</span></a><span class=cF0>, so that it will
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<a name="l23"></a>always fit in 640K. When Kernel.BIN runs, it switches to 32-bit mode, then, to
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<a name="l24"></a>64-bit mode allowing access to more memory. Then, it loads in the rest of
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<a name="l25"></a>TempleOS by executing </span><a href="/Wb/StartOS.HC.HTML#l1"><span class=cF4>::/StartOS.HC</span></a><span class=cF0>.
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<a name="l26"></a>
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<a name="l27"></a>All the boot related code for TempleOS is in the </span><span class=cF2>/Adam/Opt/Boot</span><span class=cF0> directory.
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<a name="l28"></a></span><span class=cF4>
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<a name="l29"></a></span><a href="/Wb/Adam/Opt/Boot/BootDVD.HC.HTML#l1"><span class=cF4>BootDVD.HC</span></a><span class=cF0> CD/DVD boot sector.</span><span class=cF4>
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<a name="l30"></a></span><a href="/Wb/Adam/Opt/Boot/BootDVDIns.HC.HTML#l1"><span class=cF4>BootDVDIns.HC</span></a><span class=cF0> Prep for CD/DVD install by creating </span><span class=cF2>/0000Boot/0000Kernel.BIN.C</span><span class=cF0>.
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<a name="l31"></a>If you are curious about CD/DVDs, see </span><a href="/Wb/Adam/Opt/Boot/DskISORedSea.HC.HTML#l1"><span class=cF4>DskISORedSea.HC</span></a><span class=cF0>. To make a custom
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<a name="l32"></a>bootable CD/DVD, look here </span><a href="/Wb/Misc/DoDistro.HC.HTML#l1"><span class=cF4>Bootable CD</span></a><span class=cF0>.
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<a name="l33"></a></span><span class=cF4>
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<a name="l34"></a></span><a href="/Wb/Adam/Opt/Boot/BootMHD.HC.HTML#l1"><span class=cF4>BootMHD.HC</span></a><span class=cF0> Stage 1 Master HD boot loader.</span><span class=cF4>
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<a name="l35"></a></span><a href="/Wb/Adam/Opt/Boot/BootMHD2.HC.HTML#l1"><span class=cF4>BootMHD2.HC</span></a><span class=cF0> Stage 2 Master HD boot loader.</span><span class=cF4>
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<a name="l36"></a></span><a href="/Wb/Adam/Opt/Boot/BootMHDIns.HC.HTML#l1"><span class=cF4>BootMHDIns.HC</span></a><span class=cF0> Installs Master HD boot loader.
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<a name="l37"></a></span><span class=cF2>BootMHD</span><span class=cF0> goes on block zero. </span><span class=cF2>/0000Boot/BootMHD2.BIN.C</span><span class=cF0> is stored as a file in a
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<a name="l38"></a>partition, risky and unusual, since most master boot loaders place stage 2 in a
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<a name="l39"></a>gap that's not in any partition. </span><span class=cF2>BootMHD2</span><span class=cF0> displays a menu and boots a
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<a name="l40"></a>partition.
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<a name="l41"></a></span><span class=cF4>
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<a name="l42"></a></span><a href="/Wb/Adam/Opt/Boot/BootHD.HC.HTML#l1"><span class=cF4>BootHD.HC</span></a><span class=cF0> HD partition boot record.</span><span class=cF4>
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<a name="l43"></a></span><a href="/Wb/Adam/Opt/Boot/BootHDIns.HC.HTML#l1"><span class=cF4>BootHDIns.HC</span></a><span class=cF0> Installs HD partition boot record.
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<a name="l44"></a></span><span class=cF2>BootHD</span><span class=cF0> is the boot record for a TempleOS partition. Each partition has its own
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<a name="l45"></a>partition boot record, the first block of the partition.
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<a name="l46"></a>
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<a name="l47"></a>My boot records don't access directories because that would make them too big
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<a name="l48"></a>for one block and would make them depend on a file system layout. Instead, they
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<a name="l49"></a>get patched with the LBA, logical block addresses, to load files. To update
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<a name="l50"></a>with a new TempleOS kernel, you must create a </span><a href="/Wb/Kernel/Kernel.PRJ.HTML#l1"><span class=cF4>::/Kernel.BIN.C</span></a><span class=cF0> binary file and
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<a name="l51"></a>patch the boot loader so it knows the LBA blocks to load. Therefore, you
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<a name="l52"></a>usually recompile the kernel and update the boot sector at the same time with </span><span class=cF4>
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<a name="l53"></a></span><a href="/Wb/Adam/Opt/Boot/BootHDIns.HC.HTML#l18"><span class=cF4>BootHDIns</span></a><span class=cF0>(). </span><a href="/Wb/Adam/Opt/Boot/BootMHDIns.HC.HTML#l69"><span class=cF4>BootMHDIns</span></a><span class=cF0>() will install a master boot loader.
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<a name="l54"></a>
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<a name="l55"></a>With TempleOS, </span><a href="/Wb/Kernel/Kernel.PRJ.HTML#l1"><span class=cF4>::/Kernel.BIN.C</span></a><span class=cF0> loads </span><a href="/Wb/Compiler/Compiler.PRJ.HTML#l1"><span class=cF4>::/Compiler/Compiler.BIN</span></a><span class=cF0> so it can work
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<a name="l56"></a>with source code from then on. It compiles start-up scripts beginning with </span><span class=cF4>
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<a name="l57"></a></span><a href="/Wb/StartOS.HC.HTML#l1"><span class=cF4>::/StartOS.HC</span></a><span class=cF0> into the </span><a href="/Wb/Doc/Glossary.DD.HTML#l171"><span class=cF4>Adam Task</span></a><span class=cF0>'s memory including the code in the </span><span class=cF2>/Adam</span><span class=cF0> and </span><span class=cF2>/H
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<a name="l58"></a>ome</span><span class=cF0> directories.
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<a name="l59"></a>
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<a name="l60"></a>It is possible to do a fast reboot without doing a hardware reset. You might do
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<a name="l61"></a>this when working on </span><a href="/Wb/Kernel/Kernel.PRJ.HTML#l1"><span class=cF4>::/Kernel.BIN.C</span></a><span class=cF0> or your start-up scripts when you want to
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<a name="l62"></a>compile them effect. See </span><a href="/Wb/Adam/Opt/Boot/BootRAM.HC.HTML#l33"><span class=cF4>BootRAM</span></a><span class=cF0>().
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<a name="l63"></a>
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<a name="l64"></a></span><span class=cFA>
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<a name="l65"></a>/* Graphics Not Rendered in HTML */</span><span class=cF0>
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</span></pre></body>
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</html>
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